The Complete Aspect Ratio & Resolution Guide

Updated 2026-07-11 · A practical guide for developers, video makers, and social creators

Author Jikwang Kim (operator)Last updated bal.pe.kr micro-SaaS

1. What an aspect ratio is

An aspect ratio is the proportion between the width and height of an image, video, or screen. It is usually written as width:height (e.g. 16:9) or as a single decimal (e.g. 1.78:1). A ratio describes shape independently of pixel size: 1280×720 and 1920×1080 have different pixel counts but are the same shape — both 16:9.

Ratios matter because when a source and target ratio differ, the image gets cropped, stretched, or letterboxed. Each platform expects a different ratio, so the same content has to be recalculated to fit.

2. Reducing a ratio with GCD

To turn any resolution into a standard ratio, divide width and height by their greatest common divisor (GCD). For 1920×1080:

  • GCD(1920, 1080) = 120
  • 1920 ÷ 120 = 16, 1080 ÷ 120 = 9 → 16:9

This tool uses the Euclidean algorithm to reduce your pixel size to lowest terms instantly: 1080×1350 reduces (GCD 270) to 4:5, and 1080×1920 (GCD 120) to 9:16.

3. Solving the missing dimension

Lock a ratio (W:H) and one known side, and the other follows from a simple proportion:

height = width × ratioHeight ÷ ratioWidth

width = height × ratioWidth ÷ ratioHeight

Example: at 16:9 a width of 1280 gives height = 1280 × 9 ÷ 16 = 720. A width of 1000 gives 562.5, which becomes 563 (integer) or 562 (codec-safe even). Lock the ratio and type one value to solve it.

4. Standard aspect ratio table

RatioDecimalCommon use
16:91.78:1YouTube, monitors, TV, widescreen video
9:160.56:1Reels, Shorts, TikTok, Stories (vertical)
4:50.80:1Instagram feed portrait
1:11:1Square profile, feed, thumbnail
4:31.33:1Old TV, tablets, classic photo
3:21.5:1DSLR / mirrorless default photo
21:92.33:1Ultrawide monitors, cinematic
1.85:11.85:1Widescreen theatrical film
2.39:12.39:1Anamorphic Cinemascope

5. Even dimensions and codecs

Most video codecs — H.264 (AVC), H.265 (HEVC) — use 4:2:0 chroma subsampling, which processes color in 2×2 pixel blocks and therefore requires even width and height to encode without errors. When a derived value is odd (e.g. 563), enable the "Even (codec)" rounding mode to snap it to the nearest even number (562). Web images (PNG/JPEG) accept odd sizes, so use "Integer" rounding there.

6. Recommended sizes per platform

  • Instagram feed: square 1:1 1080×1080, portrait 4:5 1080×1350
  • Instagram Story/Reels, YouTube Shorts, TikTok: 9:16 1080×1920
  • YouTube video: 16:9 1920×1080, thumbnail 1280×720
  • X (Twitter): image 16:9 1600×900, header 3:1 1500×500
  • Facebook / LinkedIn feed: ~1.91:1 1200×630
  • Naver Blog thumbnail: square 600×600

※ Platform specs change over time and are reference values. Use the tool's platform preset buttons to fill them in.

7. Common mistakes

  • Resizing without matching the ratio → distortion. Always check source vs target ratio first.
  • Encoding video at odd dimensions → fails in some codecs. Force even for video.
  • Confusing portrait and landscape → 9:16 ≠ 16:9. Reels and Shorts are vertical (9:16).